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Chicago Referencing Guide

Notes-Bibliography Style

Online videos

  • In most cases, you can cite online videos only in notes. Include them in your bibliography only if they are critical to your argument or frequently cited.
  • Online video citations are flexible. Adapt the examples below to suit the content.
  • You can optionally include the duration of the video.
  • Give the creator's name exactly as listed, even if it is clearly a pseudonym. If the creator's real name can be easily determined, include it in parentheses.
  • If the material consists of a recording of a speech or other performance, or a digitised copy of a source published in a different medium, include information about the original source.

Note:

54. Crash Course, "Georges Melies—Master of Illusion: Crash Course Film History #4," May 4, 2017, YouTube, https://youtu.be/L8is28gAOTc.

55. Beyoncé, "Formation," December 9, 2016, music video, YouTube, 4 min., 25 sec., https://youtu.be/WDZJPJV__bQ.

56. Eric Oliver, “Why So Many Americans Believe in So Many ‘Crazy’ Things,” moderated by Andrew McCall, virtual lecture, February 23, 2022, posted March 21, 2022, by University of Chicago, YouTube, https://youtu.be/hfq7AnCF5bg.

Bibliography:

Shynola. "Scott Pilgrim vs the World Title Sequence." September 19, 2012. Opening credits, Vimeo, 2 min., 30 sec., https://vimeo.com/49755247.